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Guides and comparisons

Written to be useful to someone deciding between two tools, which means saying where the other one is better.

The tells that mark text as AI-written

Em dashes, curly quotes, non-breaking spaces and stock phrasing. What actually gives generated text away, and what to do about each.

· 6 min read

Invisible characters in text

Zero-width spaces, non-breaking spaces, byte order marks and smart quotes. What they are, where they come from, and why a string that looks correct fails a comparison.

· 7 min read

What is a URL slug?

The rules a slug has to follow, the ones that are only convention, and why changing a slug later costs more than getting it right first.

· 6 min read

How to remove duplicate lines

Case, whitespace and order all change the answer. The four decisions behind deduplicating a list, and which one usually goes wrong.

· 5 min read

Cleaning text copied from a PDF

A PDF stores placed glyphs, not sentences. Why copied text arrives with broken lines and split words, and the order to fix it in.

· 6 min read